I. Phrase Translation
UNESCO: 联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization )
NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (美国)国家航空和航天局
Diet of Japan: 日本国会
FDI: foreign direct investment 对外直接投资
CCTV（not 中国中央电视台）: closed-circuit television 闭路电视
FBI: Federal Bureau of Investigation (美国)联邦调查局
GM crop：转基因作物
IAEA：国际原子能机构
opportunity cost： 机会成本
Keynesians： 凯恩斯主义者
the Tories： 英国保守党（托利党）
the State Department in Washington：位于华盛顿的美国国务院
the Treasury Department of the US：美国财政部
protectionism: （贸易）保护主义
balance of Payments: 收支平衡
中国特色的社会主义: socialism with Chinese characteristics
科学发展观: Scientific Outlook on Development
全面建设小康社会: to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects
以人为本: put people first; people oriented
宏观经济调控: macro-economic control
自主创新能力: independent innovation capability
完善人民币汇率形成机制: improve the mechanism for setting RMB exchange rates；improve the mechanisms for determining RMB exchange rate
突发事件应急管理机制: Mechanism of emergency management
中西医并重: attach equal importance to traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine；supporting both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine
港人治港：Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong ；Hong Kong self-rule
构建两岸关系和平发展框架: construct a framework for peaceful development of cross-Straits relations
知足常乐：Content is happiness；A man who is contented will be happy
水火无情：Fire and water have no mercy; Water and fire are merciless
祸从口出：Out of the mouth comes evil.
一蹶不振： collapse after one setback; never to recover from a setback
II. Passage translation
Section A English to Chinese
1, Acting recently as an expert witness in a murder trial, I became aware of a small legal problem caused by the increasingly multicultural nature of our society. According to English law, a man is guilty of murder if he kills someone with the intention either to kill or to injure seriously. But he is guilty of the lesser crime of manslaughter if he has been sufficiently provoked or if his state of mind at the time was abnormal enough to reduce his responsibility. The legal test here is a comparison with the supposedly ordinary man—the man on the Clapham omnibus, as the legal cliché has it. Would that ordinary person feel provoked under similar circumstances? Was the accused’s state of mind at the time of the killing very different from that of an average man? （本文选自A Confusion of Tongues – City Journal 翻译硕士真题网注）
参考译文:
2,Sparkling or still? Spring or tap? Imported or domestic? Flavored or plain? There’s nothing simple about a drink of water, now that the bottled stuff outsells both milk and beer in the United States. In just a couple of decades, we’ve become a nation awash in bottled water — with tens of billions of plastic empties to prove it — transforming the drinking fountain on a city street into a dated curiosity akin to the public telephone booth.
How one of life’s basic necessities became a heavily marketed beverage in a plastic bottle is the subject of Elizabeth Royte’s new book “Bottlemania: How Water Went on Sale and Why We Bought It.” Royte, an environmental journalist based in Brooklyn, N.Y., shares the many, sometimes bizarre, unintended consequences of cracking open that plastic seal.（本文选自 Waterlogged – Salon.com 翻译硕士真题网注）
参考译文:
Section B Chinese to English
“来我们榆林，第一要看镇北台，第二要看红石峡。那红石峡都出了名了，专有摄制组来这儿拍电影哩！”在前往榆林的长途汽车上，两个当地人这么跟我们说。既然如此，当然要去。不过，对当地人的“老王卖瓜”也做了一些思想准备。
却不料，红石峡果真是个了不得的去处！它竟然是陕西省内最大一处摩岩石窟群。但见峡谷两侧赭红色的岩壁上惊人地布满大大小小的石刻和洞窟，一条湍急的清流则在谷底刷刷地流淌。静静往那一站，立刻就被中华大地那千古的历史、文化以及大自然的熏风吹醉了！
参考译文:
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