I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively.  (30 points)

I. GDP

2. WPS

3. APEC

4. CNN

5. EMU

6. GATT

7. CBD

8. USDD

9. IRC

10. import quota

11. remote control

12. computer aided design

13. preparatory committee

14. United Arab Emirates

15. United Nations Development Programme

16.外汇储备

17.西部大开发战略

18.综合国力

19.国际竞争力

20.公益性文化事业

21.西电东送

22.南水北调工程

23.统筹城乡发展

24.全民健身运动

25.知识创新工程

28.人才市场

26.科教兴国战略

27.配套资金

29.反倾销

30.侵犯知识产权

II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. (120 points)

Source Text 1 (60 points):

Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birthrates, that has led to the population explosion.
Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often “go on welfare” if they have a serious illness.

When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built. These are often profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply “dumping grounds” for the dying in which “care” is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under-skilled personnel. (397 words)

Source Text 2 (60 points):

中国的历史文化始终处于发展进步之中。它是通过各种学科、各种学派的相互砥砺、 相互渗透而发展的，也是通过同世界各国的相互交流、相互学习而进步的。中国人早就懂 得兼取众长、以为己善的道理。汉、唐时期，既是经济繁荣的盛世，也是中外交流的盛世。 张骞出使西域，开拓举世闻名的“丝绸之路”。玄奘万里取经，带回南亚国家的古老文化。 明代郑和“七下西洋”，把中华文化传向远方的国度。但是后来特别是清代晚期，封建统 治者实行闭关锁国政策，阻碍了中国的进步和中外交流。鸦片战争以来，一代又一代先进 的中国人，为了振兴中华，努力向西方国家学习先进的科学思想和文明成果，并同中国的 实际相结合，推动了中国社会的变革与发展。今天，正在为实现现代化而奋斗的中国人民， 把对外开放作为一项基本国策，同世界各国进行广泛的交流与合作，开创了中国历史上崭 新的开放局面。（359字）

 

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